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"proxy" refers to a proxy server "proxy" is a reference to a proxy or proxy server. A proxy server is a software that sits acting as a mediator between server and client on the internet. Without a proxy, the client could send a request for any resource directly to the server and it would deliver the requested resource directly back to the user. This is not difficult to understand and implement. adding proxies provides advantages in the form of increased security, performance, privacy, and much more. As a layer of pass-through, proxies serve as a security barrier on the internet between servers and clients.




The general set of hardware used by servers and the software that is installed to make proxy connections is commonly described as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers which are generally described as software as well as those that are used to complement web servers. The article will offer a description of two types of proxy servers, specifically forward proxy and reverse proxy. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each kind has its own terminology that could be confusing because of the overlap in terminology.




This article will provide an understanding of nature of proxies and their subtypes are and their significance in normal settings. After reading this article, you will be able to discern the scenarios where a reliable proxy could be advantageous, and decide on the most suitable choice between forward proxy and reverse proxy, in any scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Also forward proxy, also known as open proxy open proxy is an agent for the user trying to transmit the request online a source server. In this scenario, every attempt to send requests by the user will be directed by an forward proxy. In this situation the forward proxy, acting on behalf of the client will review the request. At first it will decide if it is allowed to send requests via this particular forward proxy. It will then either deny requests or redirect it to its source server. The client doesn't have a direct connection to the internet and has access to only what the forward proxy allows it to connect to.




The most popular reason for using forward proxy servers is to provide more privacy or security on the internet. Forward proxy accesses the internet for an individual client and when it does this it can use an IP address different from the original IP address of the client.




Depending on the method by which it's configured depending on the way it's set up, forward proxy could offer a range of features and the capability of:




Beware of ads-trackers.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can determine restrictions based upon your location.




Forward proxies also are utilized in systems that provide central security, as well as permission-based access, for example at work. When all internet traffic goes through a common forward proxy, the administrator may permit only a few clients access to the internet, that is blocked by a common firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls for the client layer, which can be used by multiple computers with various configurations and users, a firewall can be added to the forward proxy layer.




Remember that forward proxy servers have to be manually setup before they can be used while reverse proxy servers could be not noticed by clients. Based on whether or not an IP address from the user has been sent to the origin server by the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity can be granted or hidden from view.




There are a variety of choices to consider for forward proxies.




Apache The Apache is a popular open-source web server, that offers forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx: Another popular open-source web server that has forward proxy capability.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy utilizing the HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer the complete Web server platform. You can check out our guide on the most efficient method to install Squid proxy for private connections for Ubuntu 20.04. Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante forward proxy, which uses the SOCKS protocol, instead of HTTP this makes it better suited for scenarios such as peer-to-peer connections. It is also possible to look into how to configure Dante proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions as an agent for a web server. It manages requests received from clients on behalf of the server. The web server may function as a single server or multiple servers. In addition, it could contain an application server like Gunicorn. In either of these scenarios the request might be made by a user of the internet. In most cases, the request will be directly sent to the web server which holds the information that the user is seeking. A reverse proxy acts as an intermediary, separating the server from direct interaction with the open internet.




From the perspective of the user, working using reverse proxy isn't any different from the interaction directly with an internet server. It's exactly the same, but the client doesn't see the distinction. The client asks for a resource and then receives it, without any additional configuration needed from the user.




Reverse proxy providers provide features like:




Centralized security to web server.


The direction of traffic coming in is based upon rules that you can establish.


Additional features to cache data.




Central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy, reverse proxies add this feature to that layer on the webserver and not the client layer. Instead of focusing on maintaining firewalls on the server level which could comprise several servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security could be concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, removing the burden of dealing with firewalls and communicating with requests from clients away from web servers allows firewalls to concentrate on providing services.




In the case of multiple servers running in a reverse proxy the reverse proxy may be also in charge of directing which requests are directed to which servers. Multiple web servers could be running on the same server, serving different kinds of services or a mix of both. The servers employ an HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server. However, they could also be equipped with application server protocols like FastCGI. You can set up a reverse proxy to route the clients towards specific servers based on the requested resource or to comply with specific rules for the amount of traffic.




Reverse proxies also have the ability to make use of their location ahead of web servers by using caching functions. Large static assets can be configured using caching rules to avoid the web server from being hit with every request, with certain solutions allowing you to serve static content without having to connect to a web server in any way. Furthermore the reverse proxy is capable of handling compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server is also used as a powerful reverse proxy option. Even though Apache is also a reverse proxy solution, this Apache web server also comes with reverse proxy functionality, it can be a second option for Apache while Nginx was originally designed to and specifically focuses on reverse proxy capabilities.



Differentiating Forward Proxy from Reverse Proxy Use Examples



Since "forward" or "reverse" are associated with the notion of directionality and false connections with "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic the labels can be confusing as both types of proxies can handle both requests and responses. The best method to distinguish between both forward and reverse proxy services is to consider the requirements of the app that you are developing.




A reverse proxy can be useful when you are creating an option to host web-based applications via the internet. They act as your web server in any interactions through the Internet.




A forward proxy is helpful when presented to clients for personal use or even in a corporate setting. They are your client's representative for any interaction on the internet.




A case-based distinction instead of focusing on similar naming conventions will assist you in avoiding confusion.



Conclusion



This article will explain what is a "proxy" is, with two major types of proxies being the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios to use them as well as an examination of the beneficial characteristics were used to define different types of proxy: forward and reverse. If you're interested exploring how to make proxies work, check out our guide on how to configure Nginx as an HTTP server and reverse proxy to Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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